The appearance of formations in the nasal cavity is a common phenomenon. However, many of them can lead to serious problems and complications. What exactly can prevent a person's quality and full breathing, we tell in the article.
► Distorted nasal septum
This is one of the most common problems. Distortion can be inherited, but can also occur after any trauma to the nose.
What risks does it have?
This problem leads to impaired ventilation of the brain, poor quality breathing, lack of oxygen. Against this background, migraine-like pains are common and sometimes even neurological diagnoses develop.
In addition, often a distorted nasal septum is the cause of snoring. This condition is called rhonchopathy - it increases the risk of developing sleep apnea, against the background of which heart attacks, strokes and early death occur quickly and easily.
Also, the distorted septum becomes the reason for the spread of the lower turbinates: this happens in 95% of cases. During the first stage of the expansion, a person does not even notice the problem, at the second, he already has to resort to vasoconstrictive drops, and the third stage of the development of the pathology leads the patient to a doctor, who directs him with a high degree of probability to a hospital. Due to the proliferation of the sinuses, the closing of the anastomosis begins - the opening connecting the sinus (maxillary) and the nasal cavity. When the anastomosis is partially or completely blocked, ventilation of the sinuses is disturbed. And this becomes the reason for the development of sinusitis.
► Polypous growths
When nasal breathing is disturbed, for example due to a chronic runny nose or a deviated septum, nasal polyps begin to form. Initially, these are benign formations, but it should not be forgotten that they tend to degenerate into malignant ones. For this reason, if a person finds that there is a polyp in the nose, it is necessary to consult a doctor and keep this entity under constant control. Yes, it happens that polyps decrease in size, but in percentage terms the number of such cases is not particularly large.
Initially, polyps grow in the paranasal sinus from any cell of the temporal labyrinth: in the maxillary sinus, in the main, frontal, etc. And after some time, they also enter the nasal cavity through the anastomosis.
Polyps grow very actively in the heat, so those who have already been diagnosed with such formations should not be exposed to direct sunlight.
What risks do they hold?
Polyps greatly impair the quality of life. Firstly, breathing is difficult and secondly, due to the fact that the polyps constantly keep the mucous membrane under tension, inflammation develops. And thirdly, a lot of mucus constantly flows from the nose. In addition, against the background of the appearance of polyps in the nose, a person develops the following side symptoms: headache, inability to work and think fully.
Treatment is usually surgical. But at the same time, operations are distinguished by a palliative nature, that is, after the removal of the polyp, there is no guarantee that it will not appear again. The opposite even happens: after the formation is removed, there is a risk of even greater growth. Of course, they still need to be removed again because they are risky in terms of the oncological profile, but it is important to understand that you will have to pay attention.
The so-called bleeding polyp in the nasal septum carries an additional risk. It is literally saturated with blood vessels. And it must be removed very carefully, as it can lead to severe nosebleeds, which are extremely difficult to control. Moreover, it is located on the nasal septum and one feels it continuously. It can tear very easily and get a heavy nosebleed again.
► Cyst
Another type of formation in the nose that makes breathing difficult is the cyst. As a rule, cysts form in the nasal cavity, less often in the sinuses. The reason is hypoventilation. The body needs oxygen, and it is absolutely necessary for the nasal cavity. With cysts, unlike polyps, it is a little easier, since they do not tend to degenerate into malignant diseases. But detecting them is more difficult.
For example, they can be detected accidentally during flight. As the plane climbs and the speed increases, the pressure increases, including in the nose, and an amber sticky liquid seems to flow out of the nose on its own. This means that there was a cyst in the sinus that ruptured.
Also, cysts can be detected, for example, when an X-ray is taken. It differs from a polyp in that it is spherical, irregular in shape, or elongated.
What risks does it have?
Despite the fact that cysts are more harmless than polyps, they can also cause problems. For example, with the pressure of the cyst on the mucous membrane, severe pain develops, including a headache, and where the cyst grows. If such a neoplasm has already appeared, doctors recommend surgery. And if it occupies half of the sinus, the indications for its surgical removal are already 100%.
► Herpes
Yes, herpes can also develop in the nose. In addition, it is not so difficult to diagnose and does not lead to too serious complications. Herpetic rash often appears in the vestibule of the nasal cavity, where there is skin. Treatment of this infection is still a challenge today. But at the same time there are pluses: herpes appears against the background of exacerbation and reduction of the body's immune forces, but then disappears on its own. You can treat it with an ointment based on acyclovir, as well as additionally take tablets based on the same substance to suppress the activity of the virus faster.
It is important not to forget that you should not resort to self-medication for nose problems. After all, you can't determine what type of entity you have. Therefore, it is necessary to undergo regular check-ups with a doctor, including for preventive purposes, and address all questions that worry you only to a specialist.
